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You walk out to use your spa or hot tub and immediately you know something is wrong. Either the water is cold, which makes for a less than enjoyable soak or nothing is working at all. The spa appears dead.
If you have a digital system in your spa or hot tub with a digital upper control, you first look at the upper control display to see if it will tell you what is going on. Looking at your upper control, you see abbreviations like SN1 or FLO or even "----". What do these symbols and abbreviations mean?
The symbols and abbreviations displayed on your spas upper control are called error codes. They tell you that the spa has detected a situation for which it then tries to identify. Different equipment manufacturers use different codes to identify certain conditions found by the spa self diagnostic system.
We will look at the two spa systems I receive most questions about. Balboa controls and Sundance Spas controls.
Balboa, one of the most common spa controls manufacturers, uses the following codes.
pd = Power supply, unit running on battery backup
OH = Sensors reading 112-118 Degrees
Flo = Improper flow or pressure switch malfunction
Cool = Water temp 20 degrees below set point
ICE = Potential freeze condition has been detected
Sn1 = Hi-limit sensor malfunction
Sn3 = Temp sensor malfunction
LOC = Interlock failure - possible pump or ozone spike
(----) = Unknown water temperature. (Displays when Spa is first powered up after refill).
Sundance Spa, one of the largest spa manufacturers, uses the following error codes.
ILOC = Interlock failure - possible pump or ozone spike
FLO = Pressure switch malfunction or Flow switch malfunction (system specific).
Hold = Flow Switch (heater is deactivated. Pump may also be deactivated).
Hold = Panel buttons pressed to many times to quickly.
HOT = PCB temperature above acceptable limit - air blower on.
ICE = Potential freeze condition.
PnL = Communication between the panel and circuit board is faulty.
(----) = "WATCHDOG" (spa is deactivated) A problem has been detected. (system can not identify)
Sn1 = OPEN SENSOR (heater is deactivated) or SHORTED SENSOR (spa is deactivated).
Sn3 = OPEN SENSOR OR SHORTED SENSOR ( heater disabled).
(This is not a complete list and your spa error codes may vary depending on year and model.)
Notice the similarities and differences in the codes. Both use FLO,SN1,SN3 and ICE and so forth, Differences include, (----). Meaning totally different things between the two systems. You must use the error codes for your control system to accurately diagnose the problem with your spa.
Lets take a quick look at the FLO error code. Both manufacturers state FLO is caused when a pressure switch malfunctions or a flow switch malfunctions. This can be the case in many situations, however, it is my experience that the number one cause of a spa displaying the error code "FLO" is due to a dirty or worn out filter.
(Some manufacturers attempt to narrow down the FLO error with different displays of the code, i.e., a solid FLO or a flashing FLO (FLO error blinks off and on).
Blinking FLO = Heater has been deactivated, pump is on and Flow / Pressure switch are open. (This means the system detects the spa has called for heat, the PC board has applied power to the pump, but it has not detected water flow. It deactivates the heater to avoid damage to the heater).
Solid FLO = Pump is off, flow or pressure switch is closed. (Meaning, the system should not be detecting water flow because the PC Board has not applied power to the pump, but the flow pressure switch is saying there is water flow. The flow or pressure switch is stuck in the closed position or shorted.)
A dirty or worn out filter can cause several error codes to be displayed. "OH" (over heat) because water is not moving quickly enough through the heater vessel and the high limit detects too hot of water temperature. "FLO" because the filter will not allow enough water through the heater vessel to activate the flow or pressure switch. Filters should be replaced approximately annually or bi-annually if you use two different filters. Filters should be rinsed thoroughly every month, and cleaned properly every 3 months or so.
For more information on error codes for your spa, visit Spa Parts Supply or contact your spa manufacturer for a list of codes that pertain to your spa. When in doubt, call a spa service technician for troubleshooting help and repair.
Hot tubs in Canada are mainly manufactured either in Canada or the States. Industry estimates have the amount of hot tubs in Canada sold approximately 1/10th the number sold in the U.S. This goes hand in hand with the population of Canada being about 1/10th of the U.S. population. When something goes wrong, it can be costly to pay import duties and high shipping costs when buying parts in the U.S. so finding a reliable Canadian spa parts distributor saves time, money and gets your spa repaired quicker.
As with any electrical repair, it is best to let qualified spa professionals handle the task of spa repair. Your Canadian hot tub parts distributor is a great source for referrals of local spa technicians qualified to perform hot tub repairs. Whether you live in Ontario, Quebec, British Columbia or other Canadian province, you can find the part and service you require for your hot tub locally from knowledgeable experts in spa troubleshooting and parts sourcing. Spa repair companies that have an ongoing relationship with a local parts supply house can assure speedy repairs and less downtime.
Some of the most popular spa parts needed include spa pumps, spa circuit boards, packs and electronics, topside controls, ozonators, air blowers and a host of other hot tub components. When replacing parts, it is best to use brand name components to assure trouble free operation. Canadian spas undergo a harsher winter and may be subject to freezing and the associated damage a frozen spa can receive.
Leaving a spa empty can cause some problems in both Winter and Summer months. In the wintertime, an improperly drained spa can have water remaining in low areas of the piping such as in spa manifolds and other plumbing areas. As a result, during a freeze, the remaining water can freeze, expand and crack some of the plumbing parts including a spa manifold, creating a costly repair. The manifold plumbing parts may only be a few dollars, but finding and repairing the leak can cost much more, so it is best when one thing goes wrong with the hot tub to take care of the problem right away and avoid lengthy downtime.
Most spa components can easily be replaced such as pumps, spa packs, spa topside controls, blowers, ozonators and other electronics. Other spa repair situation such as leaks can involve lengthy troubleshooting, especially in fully foamed spas where the leak may not be easy to find without digging out a lot of sprayed on foam.
Just like when something goes wrong with the car, a hot tub in Canada may require service to troubleshoot and repair a condition that becomes apparent when using the spa. It is then time to call a local spa repair professional with connections to local spa parts stock to assure a speedy repair. Even better, you can contact the spa parts stocking facility to assure your part is in stock and they can refer you to a local qualified technician to complete the repair with the in-stock part. In this way you are not relying on a technician to install an off-brand part or leave you hanging for weeks while a particular part is on order from a far away supplier.
One of the biggest points to realize about the way spas are manufactured is that most hot tub manufacturers use similar parts or select from a relatively few spa component manufacturer' components. So many of the Sundance spa parts, Hot Springs spa parts, Cal Spa parts made in the United States are the same as the Canadian Beachcomber or Arctic spa parts or spa components. Wherever the spa is manufacturered, the actual spare parts needed for repair may come from the same source. For example, Pleatco filters can be found in dozens of brand name spas, the plastic plumbing parts originate from the same supplier, even some of the electronics are made by Gecko, Balboa, Newport Controls or CTI. Consequently Canadians are finding these spa parts in Canada and not having to pay high shipping expenses or wait a long time to get the hot tub working again.
Knowing they can source pumps and spa heaters from a Canadian supplier can save a freezing hot tub in the winter from bursting all of the pipes when time is of the essence. Many Canadians are unaware that just because they purchased their American spa at a big box retailer, they don't have to buy the parts in the U.S. and risk their spa freezing over in the mean time.
If your spa is located in any province of Canada, save time and money by sourcing a local Canadian hot tub parts distributor that has the spa part you need in stock rather than opting for costly cross border shipping. Many local service companies have a basic stock of generic spa parts that they can complete hot tub repairs in their region right away. These professionals can also source American or Canadian parts directly from a Canadian spa parts distributor to assure a speedy repair.
One of the major hot tub Canada spa parts distributors is ELM Sales and Equipment of Mississauga, Ontario. They offer this service.of checking local parts stock or locating a spa part along with a referral to a local dealer in your province and area that can complete the repair using quality replacement parts. Another large source of thousands of hot tub parts in Canada online is TheHotTubSuperstore.com
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